Journal of Defense Resources Management

JoDRM Volume 5, Issue no. 1 (8), April 2014

Pdf Version (full issue)
CONTENTS
I. ARTICLES
SOLDIERS' CODES OF CONDUCT IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD. A COMPARATIVE OUTLOOK Patrice MOMPEYSSIN Brigadier (ret), member of the Board of Directors of the International Society for Military Ethics in Europe
Abstract
In all countries around the world, the duties of the soldier are codified in detail, but in very different ways, according to the various histories, and cultural backgrounds of the respective Nations. As this soldier has the right to legally use a powerful lethal force, a lot is required from him, which is normal. He is now most often a professional. He has mainly to master perfectly his weapons, to respect the Law of Armed Conflicts and to apply the principle of humanity. But his leaders have to guide him and his Nation to understand and support him.
Keywords
Code of Conduct, Responsibility, Ethical Behaviour, Armed Forces, Civil Society
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014): 5-10. Print
THE MILITARY COUP IN MALI, 22 MARCH 2012. REFLECTIONS ON THE DEMISE OF DEMOCRACY AND THE IMPORTANCE OF CIVIL – MILITARY RELATIONS Thomas C. BRUNEAU* Florina Cristiana (Cris) MATEI** Distinguished Professor Emeritus of National Security Affairs *Lecturer, Center for Civil – Military Relations, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA
Abstract
The coup in Bamako, on 22 March 2012 both gave lie to the apparent stability of Mali as a democratic country and resulted in the taking of power of an assortment of armed combatants in the North of the country, which resulted in armed intervention by France. This article is about the coup itself that created the power vacuum allowing the insurrection to grow and ultimately take power in the North. The authors have developed a framework for analyzing civil – military relations they believe is more useful than other available frameworks in understanding the role of the military in politics.
Keywords
Coup in Mali, Civil - Military Relations, Al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 11-22. Print
KENYA’S OIL PIPELINE AND TERRORISM E.O.S.ODHIAMBO, L.T MAITO, K. ONKWARE** Kenya Military Academy (KMA), Ministry of State for Defence (MoSD) and Dept.of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Masinde Muliro University of Science Technology, Kenya Maasai Mara University- Kilgoris Campus, Kenya **Dept. of Emergency Management and Humanitarian Assistance (EMHA), Masinde Muliro University of Science Technology, Kenya
Abstract
The threat of Al-Shabaab and Al-Qaeda terrorist attacks on the critical infrastructure (oil pipeline) in Kenya has brought to the attention the strategic issue of the energy sector security, highlighting the potential vulnerabilities of this sector. Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) should be a key component of the national security especially after the Kenya Defence Forces’ (KDF) incursion into Somalia. The merger of Al-Shabaab and Al-Qaeda terrorist groups and the accelerated grenades attack against Kenya in retaliation has become the centre of the debate on terrorism and internal security of the Kenya. The energy resources are strategic assets from the security, political and economic point of view. Kenya as an oil transit country is considered of primary strategic importance at international level. International terrorism has always looked with interest at the oil resource in order to meet its political and economic targets. We argue that Kenya’s oil pipelines are vulnerable to Al-Shabaab and Al-Qaeda terrorist attack. In summary, the article looks at the concept of terrorism within the framework of critical infrastructure protection, the dangers of attacks on oil pipelines, Kenya’s government preparedness and recommendations.
Keywords
Terrorism, Critical Infrastructure Protection, Vulnerability, Protection
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 23-32. Print
DEFENSE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT USING GAME THEORY Marian NEDELCU The 8th LAROM Brigade/Romanian Land Forces
Abstract
Game theory provides a number of analytical tools designed to assist in developing a more comprehensive understanding of phenomena emerging when decision makers interact. A game describes the strategic interactions between players who act guided by their interests and with the consciousness that their actions affect each other. The basic entity in all game theory models is the player. A player may be understood as an individual, group of individuals or any kind of organization, even countries or alliances facing decisions-making challenges and opportunities. In this respect, the concept providing the dimensions and variables informing on the planning “game” elements required for an optimal defense resource allocation is that of ‘capabilities’. The model developed in this paper is focused on allocations of the available defense resources over the assumed capabilities in order to achieve the best response to national security. I consider as a game the competition between strategic decision-makers involved in defense resource management and the threats to the national security.
Keywords
Defense Resources, Game Theory, Defense Capabilities, Optimal Resource Allocation, Effectiveness, Efficiency
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 33-44. Print
SECURITY AND SECURITY RELATED RESEARCH WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC Milan SOPÓCI Professor Engineer PhD, Armed Forces Academy of GEN M.R.Štefánik in Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovak Republic
Abstract
The article presents current aspects of security and security related research. Due to current threats, it emphasizes new measures taken by EU member states and that are focused on science and security research. It underlines particular EU projects and the involvement of individual member states in these activities. The article refers to the position of the Slovak Republic (SR) in relation with EU countries and the reflection of some activities in the development programs within the Slovak Department of Defense.
Keywords
Defense Sources, Strategy, Transformation, Defense, Research, Program, Cooperation
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 45-50. Print
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE AND THE SLOVAK ARMED FORCES Jaroslav NEKORANEC, Eva RÉVAYOVÁ* Department of Management, Armed Forces Academy of General M. R. Štefánik Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia *Department of Social Studies and Languages, Armed Forces Academy of General M. R. Štefánik Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia
Abstract
Human resource management is an important area of strategic management of the organization which focuses on everything that concerns people. The main role of human resource management is to contribute to organizational performance and its continuous improvement. In order to fulfill the aims and objectives of the organization, it is necessary that organization top management has a clear-cut view of human resource management strategies that would work in practice. One of the most important and most challenging aspects of human resource management can be applied also in organizations characterized by specific features such as the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic.
Keywords
Human Resource Management, Personnel Strategy, Career of Professional Soldier
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 51-58. Print
AN EMPIRICAL SURVEY ON BASIC MILITARY TRAINING IN SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES Maja GARB Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Abstract
Before employment in the Slovenian Armed Forces, all candidates have to finish basic military training. The empirical survey, done in 2011 on a group of military candidates in a Slovenian Training Center, checked the motivation, level of skills and education, attitudes of leaders, military identity, prestige and social support of these candidates. The results confirmed the skills’ and fighters’ orientation of Slovenian soldiers, but surprised with the paleomodern motivators for military job.
Keywords
Basic Military Training, Slovenian Armed Forces, Training Center, Unit Cohesion, Motivational Factors, Leadership, Military Reforms
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 59-68. Print
HOW DIFFERENT ARE THE PERCEPTIONS OVER THE MAIN MOTIVATIONAL TOOLS IN MILITARY? AN ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) APPROACH. Paul - Mugurel POLEANSCHI Commander (Navy), Romanian Naval Forces Staff, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
In the Romanian military system, motivational rewards based on merits are precisely regulated and ranked as confined by the military order in which they are mentioned. The existing hierarchy of these main motivational rewards is partly inherited, partly harmonized with other international military partner organizations and it is implicitly assumed that decision makers are able to equidistantly evaluate the merits of their subordinates. Still, decision makers’ personal, implicit perceptions over the importance and the effectiveness of the available rewards designed to enhance motivation among their subordinates can alter for good or for worse the efficiency of these motivational tools. This paper aims at quantifying the implicit perceptions of the decision makers in a military organization over four main motivational tools through the construction of a hierarchy based on an analytic hierarchy process approach whose final alternatives are constituted by the four motivational tools. A survey asking for pair wise comparison among criteria, sub criteria and alternatives, completed by the use of two numerical scale alternatives, led to priority vectors assessing the relative importance of the rewards considered. The findings on the perceived importance of the rewards might lead to further research, with a potential discussion on the design of the motivational tools or on a different approach to distributing the existent ones.
Keywords
Decision Making, Analytic Hierarchy Processes, Motivational theories, Military
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1 (2014): 69-74. Print
LOGISTIC SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS IN MULTINATIONAL OPERATIONS Sorin PINZARIU COL professor PhD "Carol I" National Defense University, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
The requirements for the logistic support in multinational operations are not totally different than those for classic operations, as we know them at the present moment. But what differentiates them for sure, is the multinational framework that incorporates the military actions, the multiculturalism of tactics, techniques and procedures by which NATO and non-NATO member states, that participate in the multinational operation, understand to provide the logistic support to their own troops, as well as the different roles accepted to be fulfilled by one country or another (Lead Nation for Logistics, Specialized Role Nation, Host Nation Support, etc).
Keywords
Logistic Support, Requirements Coordination, Supply
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014): 75-80. Print
DISCOURSE AWARENESS IN IMPROVING NON-NATIVE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN GENERIC WRITING Hussain AL SHAROUFI Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
Abstract
This study explores the importance of teaching discourse patterns to non-native university students. I used particular discourse patterns in teaching generic writing to undergraduate students at the Gulf University for Science and Technology, GUST, in Kuwait. The assumption of this study was that undergraduate non-native students should be aware of the importance of discourse patterns in generic writing. This hidden tactic is not obvious unless consciously taught to them. To study the importance of generic patterns, I opted to teach discourse patterns that are used in newspaper editorials, the rationale of which was that students would grasp discourse patterns and apply them to their own writing. I chose two groups of students randomly, one of which was an experimental group and the second of which was a control group. I conducted a detailed analysis afterwards to examine the validity of my assumption. I taught the experimental group the chosen model of analysis, and instructed the control group to read sample editorials, and write their own editorials afterwards. The results of this experiment were substantial. Based on the level of compliance with the suggested format, triads, movements, and artifacts in newspaper editorials, students in the experimental group were evaluated on a scale of 0 to 10. The performance of the experimental group was above average, 75.3%, in comparison to the control group that complied quite poorly with the chosen model, < 30 %.
Keywords
Newspaper Editorials, Discourse patterns, Discourse, Exchange, Triads
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):81-92. Print
THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL MEDIATOR WITHIN THE DISABILITY EMPLOYMENT SUPPORT SYSTEM Maria Dorina PASCA Associate Professor, PhD, psychologist The University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu Mures, Romania
Abstract
For people with disabilities, to find a way to improve life quality by having a job and by developing independent living skills is a “sine qua non” condition for their social integration. The social mediator working within a disability employment support system facilitates the logistic implementation of a viable and plausible program, which can identify, and maintain a workplace for people with disabilities, and acts as a motivational guarantee of these persons’ chance for a better life while also providing life lessons to all of us. Hence, the major role of the social mediator is to develop a new cognitive structure of communication for disabled people so that they can act as our equals and not as marginalized human beings.
Keywords
Acceptance, Motivation, Adaptation, Social mediator, Disabled people
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):93-96. Print
A RELATIONAL ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Gheorghe MINCULETE, Polixenia OLAR* * COL PhD in Military Sciences, professor with the Logistics, Finance and Accounting Department, “Carol I” National Defense University, Bucharest, Romania ** Teaching Assistant, PhD student, English teacher with the Joint Operations, Strategic and Security Studies Department, “Carol I” National Defense University, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
One of the realities brought forward by the financial crisis is that the corporate Governance, based until now mainly on self-regulation, has not been as effective as possible. A better management of organizations is important not only in order to reduce the possibility of occurrence of a new crisis in the future, but also for organizations to be more competitive. Currently we do not have a definition of corporate governance that is unanimously accepted. At global level, there are a variety of definitions for this term, depending on national, cultural or legislative characteristics. In this article we present the concept of corporate governance as being a complex process occurring at the level of the management of the organization, which integrates control, risk management and internal audit in a formula that is meant to determine the level of performance for the organizational achievements.
Keywords
Governance, Corporate Governance, Best Practices, Management, Internal Audit, Risk Management, Internal Control
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):97-104. Print
NATURE CONSERVATION PROJECTS IN MILITARY DISTRICTS Milota KUSTROVÁ Engineer, PhD, The Armed Forces Academy of General M. R. Štefánik, Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia
Abstract
Military areas are very valuable sites from the perspective of nature conservation. The article explains the key factors in maintaining high biodiversity in these areas. It discusses the impact of destructive military activities on building and maintaining valuable habitats of European importance and the necessity to preserve these areas for the conservation of natural values for future generations. Extensive reorganization of the armed forces after the Cold War in Europe has resulted in the decommissioning of a large number of military sites from active military use. Ultimately their changed use has a negative impact on biodiversity. This article informs about the existence and importance of a database of military areas in Central and Eastern Europe and the attempt to declare these as protected areas. At the end of the article mentions LIFE+ projects aimed at the protection of nature in military areas, carried out in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.
Keywords
Military Training Area, Military District, Biodiversity, Conservation
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):105-112. Print
UNCERTAINTY IN PROCESS DESIGN AND PROCESS ECONOMICS USING HYSYS Zaman SAJID Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s NL, Canada
Abstract
In process economics, equipment cost is an important element. Equipment cost is based on the size of equipment, which depends on how much process fluid is required to be treated by the equipment. HYSYS software is widely used as a simulator to design the equipments in a process industry. In order to perform simulation in HYSYS, a thermodynamic model is chosen as a Fluid package in HYSYS. This paper focuses on equipment sizing by using two different thermodynamic models and shows that for the same material and energy requirements of process fluids, there is a wide difference in sizing results of the same equipment. Further, the economic study also shows that there is a huge difference of costs for same equipment, if two different thermodynamic models are used for sizing purposes in HYSYS. The study recommends the selection of appropriate and suitable thermodynamic model to perform process designing using HYSYS.
Keywords
HYSYS, Simulation, Process, Design, Economics, Thermodynamic Model, Cost Estimation
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):113-116. Print
MODERN BUILDING STRUCTURES USED FOR MILITARY PURPOSES Ciprian Petrică DIACONU, Mariana Domnica STANCIU, Ioan CURTU, Adam DOŞA, Florin-Eduard GROSARU*, Camelia COŞEREANU Transylvania University of Braşov, Romania *Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Braşov, Romania
Abstract
This paper investigates the technical aspects of the spherical spatial structures, focusing on the tensegrity building systems used for military purpose. The spherical spatial structures have been studied and used since antiquity. Pythagoras, Plato and Euclid were conducted extensive research on the concept of such type of structures. Regular pentagon has properties related to the value of the golden section, intuitively used by great architects and engineers since ancient times. In the Middle Ages, Leonardo Da Vinci created spatial objects using proportions based on the golden number, and later R. B. Fuller made the famous geodesic domes. The structures proposed by the authors are based on concepts related to the "golden section", on studies made on the regular pentagon, on the spatial volumes able to be inscribed in spheres and on the tensegrity systems. The proposed structures present some advantages related to the ease of mounting, to the volume covered, to the resistance to the environmental factors (snow, wind, earthquake, and so on). The paper presents the conclusions of the investigations on the components of the spatial structures and on the outcomes of their use.
Keywords
Spherical Spatial Structure, Golden Section, Geodesic Dome, Regular Pentagon, Regular Hexagon, Tensegrity System
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):117-122. Print
UNMANNED AIRCRAFT VEHICLE (UAV) IN THE ROMANIAN AIRSPACE. AN OVERVIEW Vasile PRISACARIU, Ionică CÎRCIU, Andrei LUCHIAN** Transylvania University, Brasov, Romania *“Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
For the last decade the unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) field has evolved in terms of the sub-branches established in the aerospace industry. At national level the UAV market is still in its infancy but acknowledges an upward trend in the implementation and use of UAVs in civilian and military missions. The achievements of the past decade confirms that Romanian specialists are able to conceive, design and build UAVs at a technological and operational level comparable to the one achieved by large international producers creating the prerequisites of developing a sub-sector for the national aeronautic industry. The current article aims at providing an overview of all activities related to the conception, manufacturing, testing, improving, operating UAVs as these activities evolved within the national airspace filed with brief references to the missions and legislation in this area.
Keywords
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Air Missions, UAV Legislation
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):123-128. Print

II. BOOK REVIEWS
SOLDIERS WITHOUT FRONTIERS: THE VIEW FROM THE GROUND. EXPERIENCES OF ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Edited by: Giuseppe CAFORIO Bonanno Editore, Gruppo Editoriale s.r.l., Acireale-Roma, 2013, 413 pages
Reviewer:
Aura CODREANU, PhD. Lecturer, Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 5:1(2014):129-130. Print

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