Journal of Defense Resources Management

JoDRM Volume 12, Issue no. 2 (23), October 2021

Pdf Version (full issue)
CONTENTS
I. ARTICLES
RESILIENCE: A MULTI LEVEL APPROACH AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATION FOCUSED RESILIENCE FRAMEWORKS Aura CODREANU Cristina ANTONOAIE Cezar VASILESCU Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
Conceptual definitions are of utmost importance when identifying and describing dimensions and variables needed for conceptual operationalization. That is all the more true for the very fashionable term of resilience considering the litmus test it needs to survive under the constraints and challenges raised by the current Covid-19 pandemics. Consequently, the tenet of this article is that for concepts to become reality, they first need to be translated into formal standards and frameworks guiding action at multiple levels. As a result, the aim of the paper is that, by employing a system based approach and a multi-level investigation into the concept of resilience to lay the minimum grounds for nuancing the definition of resilience at organization level.
Key words:
resilience, multi-level approach, socio-economic environment, people resilience, organization resilience.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 5-24.
STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ON THE BATTLEFIELD: THE CASE OF YAVUZ SULTAN SELIM'S EGYPT CAMPAIGN PLANNING Salih AYGÜN Murat SAĞBAŞ National Defense University, İstanbul, Turkey
Abstract
It is the most essential condition for leaders and commanders to value the supply chain management at the strategic level and form their plans in this way. So much so that, before a possible conflict is completely uncertain to how it will be and how long it will last, it has become sustainable with a good strategic planning process. The subject of our research, the Ottoman Empire's Egyptian campaign, set up an example for the strategic importance of supply chain management under difficult depth operation and variable climate conditions. When Sultan Selim's Egypt campaign is evaluated with the possibilities and conditions of the period, it will shed light on today's operations.
Key words:
Strategy, Leadership, Supply Chain Management, Logistics, Ottoman Empire.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 25-42.
RELATIONAL APPROACHES TO MODERNIZING OPERATIONAL LOGISTICS RELATED TO INDUSTRY 4.0 AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 4.0 Gheorghe MINCULETE Land Forces Academy, Romania
Abstract
The evolution and continuous changes of the operational environment require advanced technologies and combat systems generated by Industry 4.0, taken over and managed by supply chain management 4.0, based on innovative conversion and distribution processes, high-mechanized, robotic, digitized and of special performance. All military logistics actions in support of tactical and/or joint forces require leaders and logistics specialists with availability and skills to apply digital procedures, automation, etc., according to functional procedures at the levels of top-management, midle-management, low-management and execution in the conditions of continuous and cybernetically protected communications in order to achieve the flows of logistical goods and services, adequate to provide sufficient logistical support to consumers and users of the combatant military structures in order to fulfill their missions. Because the relevance of modernizing operational military logistics, also known as consumer logistics, is given by its systemic and subsystemic functional nature, I will further highlight some innovative elements, generating efficiency, related to some of its essential functional areas At the same time, the holistic dimension of the effective and efficient management of the logistic support structures will be presented by revealing some aspects of the improvement of the operational logistics planning.
Key words:
Industry 4.0; supply chain management 4.0; operational logistics; flows of goods and services; modernizating operational logistics planning; information, cyber and of other type protection.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 43-53.
DETERMINATION OF DEPOT LEVEL MAINTENANCE AT WARSHIP USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) AND TOPSIS METHOD I.W. WICAKSONO* P. SYAMRAHMADI A. FAISOL A.K. SUSILO*** Command and Staff College, Indonesia Navy,Indonesia. Lecturer Staff, Command and Staff College, Indonesia Navy, Indonesia. ** Indonesia Naval Technology College,Indonesia
Abstract
KRI maintenance is carried out at three separate levels based on the resources and capabilities required to carry out maintenance: Organizational, Intermediate, and Depot Levels. Therefore, a solution strategy and maintenance mechanism is needed to deal with these obstacles. This study aims to provide an analysis of determining the depot level maintenance in order to support the readiness of the Marine Operations Command I. This research uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and TOPSIS method approaches. Based on the results of the study, the Criteria for selecting the Security Level showed that these criteria had the highest weight of 0.181 with a consistency ratio (CR) of 0.093. Then the Criteria for the Use of Technology has a weight of 0.158 as the second criteria. Criteria Cost as the third criteria with a weight of 0.131. While the Operational Time Criteria has a weight of 0.061 as the criteria with the lowest weight. Based on the results of research using the Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, it can be concluded that the first rank comes from TUX with a weight of 0.772. IBX as the second alternative with a weight of 0.633. KRI SRE as the third alternative with a weight of 0.600. PTX as the fourth alternative with a weight of 0.587. While SSX with a weight of 0.274 as the last alternative because currently (2021) is carrying out maintenance at the depot level.
Key words:
Depot Level Maintenance, Indonesia Warship (KRI), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), TOPSIS (Technique For Others Reference by Similarity to Ideal Solution).
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 54-75.
STRATEGIC AUTONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF MULTILATERALISM Vlad DUMITRACHE Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
The Covid-19 Pandemic has reignited the idea of Strategic Autonomy in the UE. While Brussels has insisted over the last 5 years that Europe should become a major player in defense issues, one has to wonder if the relations with NATO and EU will not change under these circumstances. With the Biden Administration willing to build some bridges with EU it will be interesting to analyze the way the European Union will be able to manage both the development of strategic autonomy while also keeping its multilateral agreements with traditional partners. It is the aim of this paper to analyze the post-pandemic global context into which the UE founds itself and to study the impact that strategic autonomy may have on the member states of the EU, taking into consideration not just defense and security policies, but also economic policies, healthcare issues, the energetic system and the geographical impact that differs for each member state. By doing so we hope to determine what are some way ahead for the EU in its pursue of an increased global player, while becoming a regional leader in the European-Asian and Transatlantic landscape.
Key words:
strategic autonomy, deterrence, security policy, multilateralism, common defense
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 76-90.
MILITARY-GROWTH CORRELATION: NEW EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Masoud Ali KHALID* Twana N. Mohamad KHAN** Department of Accounting, University College of Goizha. Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region- Iraq *Ministry of Higher Education, Kurdistan Region/Iraq
Abstract
It is generally believed that high levels of military expenditures hamper economic growth because it crowds out investment. In this study, we investigate how defense spending affects economic growth in the 50 developing countries over the period 2010 to 2016. The results reveal that there is a positive and significant relationship between defense spending and economic growth in the developing countries. It means that, when economic growth, it encourages military sector to spend more, and also population is directly related to economic growth, meaning that when population increase, it rises military expenditure in the developing countries.
Key words:
Military expenditure; Economic growth; Developing countries; and Pooled Regression Model
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 91-103.
AN ALIEN IN A STRATEGIC THINKING WORLD Paul BEJENAR Human Resources Management General Directorate, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Strategic thinking unleashes the power of leaders on all levels to reach goals, overcome challenges and creatively change the situation from where it is to the desired end-state. All leaders have resources (time, talent and capital) to varying degrees within their organizations. So, technically, all leaders are strategists. The reality, however, is that not all leaders are good strategists. A good leader can evolve in a good strategist by learning how to develop a strategic thinking mindset. Hence, the focus of the current article is on the main ingredients that contribute to the development of strategic thinking.
Key words:
strategic thinking, effectiveness, efficiency, strategy challenges.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 104-118.
LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES - THE GOOD, THE BAD AND THE HUBRIS Maria CONSTANTINESCU Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
In leadership, the practical application of the concepts, principles and best practices is still subject to the particularities of the human nature, with its good and bad sides. The aim of this article is to outline a few of the best (and worst) features a manager/ boss/ supervisor/ commander may exhibit, in the attempt to provide an answer to the difficult question of what means a good leader, by exploring the various facets of the difference between the leader, boss, manager and supervisor and what are some of the negative implications on leadership of personality traits such as ego. The methodology used is based on interviews and a questionnaire applied to officers and civilians working in defense and national security area.
Key words:
leadership; pitfalls; leader; boss; manager; effectiveness.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 119-128.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS DOMINATED BY MECHANICAL BUREAUCRACY Mihaela BARCAN, Laurentiu BARCAN* Pneumoftiziology Hospital Leamna, Craiova, Romania *University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Abstract
Almost two years after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Romanian institutions in the fields of public health and national security have gone through and continue to go through processes of organizational change, with a major impact in terms of national security. Change management in these organizations of military origin is based mainly on coercion, being dependent on the political factor and the mechanistic bureaucracy, the resistance encountered being likely to affect national policies to combat the perpetuation of the pandemic and its effects.
Key words:
national security, public health, change management, mechanical bureaucracy
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 129-137.
THE EFFECTS OF LIMITING NEGATIVE UPWARD FEEDBACK UPON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE Brindusa Maria POPA Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
Communication is a complex process aiming beside the transfer of information, to the creation of meaning and understanding. Meaning and understanding will never be truly attained and developed without feedback. Feedback, be it positive or negative, is the element that completes communication. In this paper we shall try to discuss upward negative feedback and what it entails, what happens when it exists and is used within an organization and what the consequences are when it is absent or disregarded. Upward negative feedback is the most delicate type of feedback since it is provided by subordinates to superiors. Upward feedback is valuable and necessary in the decision making and problem solving processes unfortunately, information is frequently distorted due to the intricate manner it reaches top levels, especially in the organizational cultures which are very hierarchical and centralized and the impact alters..
Key words:
communication, feedback, negative feedback, performance.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 138-145.
PROFESSIONALISM IN MILITARY: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES Shahid Mumtaz MALIK Pakistan Air Force
Abstract
Military sociology being a special discipline has resulted in establishment of a permanent study group with contributors in shape of academic scholars and military officers. Based on the works of military profession theorists, modern militaries have adopted a more flexible and technologically advanced outlook with emphasis on professionalism through training, education, mentoring and ethics in order to address and live upto the challenges of 21st century. In these changing and testing times one resounding constant has emerged in the shape of human being and his will to fight as a single most determining factor between winning and losing.
Key words:
Military Sociology, Military Profession, Techmology, Professionalism, Ethics, Education, Mentoring, Will to fight, Determining factor
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 146-157.
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND THEIR RELEVANCE FOR THE TUNISIAN ARMED FORCES Ali HASSEN Air Force, Ministry of Defense, Tunisia
Abstract
In line with the changes taking place in the private sector, most armies in the world have been working to develop ways to manage their resources in order to achieve more performance and governance, knowing that they live in a changing and highly competitive world. In this context, the Tunisian army in general, and the air force in particular, have engaged in this new trend. In terms of provision of financial resources and to achieve these noble goals, we speak today of budgeting by objectives, which are now in its early stages. As part of the "Vision 2030", the Air Force has undergone major changes in the way human resources are arranged, sending in 2018 a new structure that has a strategic role in the management of these resources in terms of planning, monitoring and development, especially in light of recent trends in this area. This is what we will address closely in this research. In the first part, we will discuss the current situation of human resources management in the Air Force, and then in the second part, we will explain the importance of applying modern trends in this field which goal is to increase performance and governance in Human Resources Management (HRM).
Key words:
Vision 2030, human resource management, performance, governance.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 158-171.
SOCIOECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES Cristina ANTONOAIE Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
One of the main topics of discussion today is women’s empowerment. The Human Development Reports of the United Nations Organization analyzes this topic by using three dimensions: reproductive health and family planning, violence against girls and women, and socioeconomic empowerment. In this paper we will talk about the socioeconomic empowerment of women’s in EU Countries.
Key words:
women’s empowerment, HDR 2020, share of female graduates, HDI rank.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 173-178.
TIME MANAGEMENT: THE BASIC CONCERN IN THE ORGANIZATION George BUCATA* Alexandru-Marius RIZESCU, Livia-Nicoleta BARSAN “Lucian Blaga” University, Sibiu, Romania, * “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy, Sibiu, Romania
Abstract
The concept of time management defines a set of principles, practices, skills, tools and systems that together help a person in an organization to assess what is left at their disposal in order to improve their quality of life. The most important aspect that should be mentioned is that time management does not require a person to learn to do as many things as possible in a short period of time, but it rather ensures that the person does what needs to be done, dealing with the things that really need to be addressed. The ability to manage your time effectively is important. Good time management leads to improved efficiency and productivity, less stress, and more success in life.
Key words:
efficiency, productivity, organizational management, organization, time management.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 179-188.
THE PROCESS OF CONTINUOUS TRAINING OF MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE 21st CENTURY Alina-Elena HULUBA (IONAȘCU) Officer, 91st Air Force Logistics Base, “General Aviator Andrei Popovici”, Otopeni, Romania
Abstract
Taking into consideration the implications of Romania’s accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, participation in conflicts and strategic missions alongside the Member States, the need to accelerate the process of adapting the forces to the new strategic, operational and tactical realities can be noticed. Considering the central role of the human component in the defense system, the concerns of the decision-makers nowadays focus on the strategic importance of the process of continuous training of military personnel. Thus, we examine in this work the evolution and relevance of the training process of military personnel, the challenges of the 21st century, trends in the field and future implications for military personnel, military education institutions and the army as an organization.
Key words:
continuous training; military personnel, challenges; implications; military education institutions.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 189-198.
MILITARY LEADERSHIP: A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THEORY AND PRACTICE Loreta-Daniela MAZILU Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies
Abstract
A decision-maker who has also assumed the role of leader, in the full sense of the word, understands that an organization is alive, breathing and truly developing because of its primary resource: human resources. An organization does not exist without human resources, it does not function and it does not develop without people, it cannot achieve its goals and mission without people. That way it is essential to manage the human resources from the tactical level as well as the strategic level and to develop leaders in accordance with a strategic outlook.
Key words:
decision-maker, leader, human resources management, strategic, defense
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 198-210.
VISION OF THE WORLD MARITIME AXIS OF INDONESIA AS A MARITIME COUNTRY IN ALFRED THAYER MAHAN'S PERSPECTIVE E.T. PUDJIASTUTI* I.N. PUTRA A.K. SUSILO* Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen IMMI, Pejaten Tim., Kec. Ps. Minggu, Jakarta Indonesia Indonesia Defense University (IDU), Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810, Indonesia **Indonesia Naval Technology College, Surabaya 60178, Indonesia
Abstract
The economic development of Indonesia and the region has an impact on national maritime security. With these conditions, developments and challenges in the maritime aspect, Indonesia has outlined a policy on the vision of the World Maritime Axis. This vision is a consequence of being a maritime nation with an area that is mostly ocean, as is the policy of Alfred Thayer Mahan (A. T. Mahan). The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the relationship between the vision of the World Maritime Axis (WMA) and the concept of maritime strategy from A.T. Mahan so that it can be seen the relevance of this strategy to the development of President Joko Widodo's World Maritime Axis (WMA) Vision. Based on the results of analysis, the development of the World Maritime Axis (WMA) Vision is relevant to Alfred Thayer Mahan's maritime strategy. The relevance, among others, is that Indonesia is between two continents in the world, namely the Asian continent and the Australian continent; Indonesia is also the largest archipelagic country in the world with a very wide maritime area; Demographic bonus is a condition where the productive age population is more than the non-productive age; History records that the Indonesian people have long controlled sea shipping lanes with a fairly formidable fleet; The vision and mission of the government of President Joko Widodo have the ambition to make Indonesia the world's maritime axis.
Key words:
Relevance analysis, Maritime State, A.T. Mahan, Vision of the World Maritime Axis (WMA).
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 211-218.
ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL FLIGHT REGIMES OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVs) Vasile PRISACARIU “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
The aerodynamics of lifting surfaces has undergone a significant evolution determined both by conceptual perspective and by the materials used and related technologies. Accelerating this evolution was also possible due to the use of numerical modeling tools that offered and still offer computational speeds that were not possible a century ago. The constructive concepts of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer complex aerodynamic approaches in terms of flight regimes, providing research opportunities on design and manufacturing limitations with direct effects on flight safety. The article wants to highlight critical flight from the perspective of using a freeware tool. The 2D aerodynamic analysis cases of the aerodynamic and 3D profiles of the simple lifting surfaces offer a perspective on the calculation possibilities both through the multiple case studies offered and the expressed results.
Key words:
UAV, aerodynamic analysis, XFLR5, critical regimes, flight instability.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 219-235.
STRENGTHENING INDONESIA NAVAL BASE AS A AIRCRAFT CARRIER AT THE FRONTIER TO INCREASE POWER OF DETERRENCE AND STATE DEFENSE AT SEA Muhammad ZULKIFLI* Mohammad FADLI NURJANAH Brawijaya University, Postgraduate Program, Malang, East Java, Indonesia *Lecturer, Brawijaya University, Postgraduate Program, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Indonesia is located in a very strategic position between the continents of Asia and the continent of Australia and the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, which makes Indonesia a sea line of communication (SLOC) and sea trade route (Sea Lines of Trade / SLOT) for the international world. The size of the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) territory carried out with the potential threats faced is still not comparable. In order to secure the border areas and maintain the country's sovereignty, President Joko Widodo intends to build the islands of Natuna, Bitung, and Selaru as Aircraft carriers. The Navy can support this desire by strengthening the Naval Bases located in the three regions. Strengthening the Naval Base can be done by analyzing the essential functions and duties of the base and the general requirements of the base. Furthermore, an analysis of the capabilities and technology of weapons owned by the Aircraft carriers of countries in the world can be used as a reference for constructing Indonesian Aircraft carriers. In addition, an analysis of the Naval Base from the Naval Base and Naval Home Base levels is the most appropriate for strengthening to increase the country's deterrence and defense at sea. From the analysis results, three selected Naval bases were determined, namely: Naval Base Ranai, Naval Home Base VIII Manado, and Naval Base Saumlaki.
Key words:
Indonesia Naval Base, Aircraft carriers, Power of Deterrence.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 236-253.
ROLE OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN CONTRIBUTING TO YOUTH RADICALIZATION IN MOMBASA AND KWALE COUNTIES Said Chitembwe JUMA* Elijah Onyango Standslause ODHIAMBO** High Court Judge, Kenya * Bomet University College (BUC), Kenya, Department of Arts and Social Sciences, Kenya
Abstract
The criminal justice system is at the centre of curtailing radicalization and terrorism. Despite many youths having been arrested, prosecuted or even eliminated, youth radicalization seems to be on the rise which points to the fact that the very criminal justice system contributes to youth radicalization. Anchored on the social identity theory, the criminal justice theory and the psychoanalysis theory, the study investigated the contribution of the criminal justice system to the emergence of radicalization among the youth. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The target population was 320. Stratified simple random sampling was used to select respondents. A sample size of 96 was derived representing 30% of the target population. Both primary and secondary data were used. Validity and reliability of data was tested using Cronbach’s alpha. Data was analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics; percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations. The research found that police show low level of professionalism while dealing with the problem of radicalization in the study area: suspects are profiled and either arrested and charged in court or arrested and never to be seen again (forced disappearances). That the police do not engage the community when dealing with the problem of radicalization. The study also found out that the legal framework on radicalization and terrorism is a bit weak. The study concludes that the Criminal Justice System is part of the problem of radicalization in the study area. Therefore, there is need for the CJS to change its tactics in solving the problem. There is need to change the hard tactics which are mainly militaristic. The law has to be enforced and those who commit criminal acts must face the full force of the law.
Key words:
criminal justice system, radicalization, extremism
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 254-280.
OPIOIDS OF FENTANYL SERIES IN THE ROLE OF NON-LETHAL CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND THE ISSUE OF THEIR IDENTIFICATION Romana JELINKOVA Petr ZUJA Zbynek KOBLIHA NBC Defence Institute, University of Defence in Brno, Czech Republic
Abstract
The article deals with the possible use of the synthetic opoid fentanyl and its derivatives as so-called non-lethal chemical weapons in military and non-military operations or terrorist acts. It contains information about the synthetic opoid fentanyl and its derivatives, the possibilities of identifying opiates of the fentanyl series and the evaluation of the possibilities of using psychotropic drugs in the form of non-lethal chemical weapons.
Key words:
non-lethal weapons, legislative measures, fentanyl, identification of fentalogs, decontamination.
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 281-290.
THE MODIFICATIONS OF THE MIGRATION DETERMINED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Edith Mihaela DOBRESCU Institute for World Economy, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
The emergence of the pandemy has fundamentally changed global human mobility.Until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the International Monetary Organization and the International Organization for Migration considered in their studies and reports that migration could bring substantial global benefits to economies in terms of GDP per capita and growth of standard of living. But the key to achieving these benefits was to address the challenges of short-term migration and, in particular, to ensure the integration of migrants into the labor market. The paper aims to discuss the implications of the COVID 19 pandemic on long-term migration after people, health systems and the economy recover.
Key words:
migration, economic growth, human capital
Pdf Version Journal of Defense Resources Management 12:2(2021): 291-296.

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