Journal of
Defense Resources Management
JoDRM Volume 14, Issue no. 2 (27), October 2023
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CONTENTS |
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I. ARTICLES |
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BRINGING THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA TO THE ATTENTION OF WESTERN POLICYMAKERS.
TRANSNISTRIA AND THE SEPARATIST CAUSE
Marina STANESCU ”Carol I” National Defence University, Bucharest Romania |
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| Abstract | |
| the last two years were both the worst and best years. Against the backdrop of Russia’s brutal and inhumane war against Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova faces challenges at numerous levels, ranging from a fragile economy to having foreign military forces illegally stationed on its territory. Furthermore, having not one, but two separatist regions on its land, both controlled, de facto, by the Russian Federation, adds considerable pressure on the current pro-European government. The Russian Federation employs a wide range of hybrid instruments to intervene in the Republic of Moldova’s internal affairs. Having witnessed Russia’s aggressive actions in Ukraine, but not only, the international community is now paying considerably more attention to the Republic of Moldova. One self-explanatory reason would be that the Republic of Moldova hosted the European Political Community Summit, the largest and most important international event in its history. Consequently, the goal of this article is to highlight that the Republic of Moldova can only secure prospects for development, stability and democracy through broader integration into European community. | |
| Key words: | |
Republic of Moldova, Transnistria, Russian interference, EU, NATO, soft power, peaceful settlement. |
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CAPABILITY-BASED PLANNING AND PROGRAM BUDGETING APPROACHES: ENHANCING SUSTAINABILITY AND UTILITY OF DEFENSE FORCES
Ivan OKROMTCHEDLISHVILI PhD in Business Administration Associate Lecturer, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia |
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| Abstract | |
| Capability-Based Planning (CBP) and Program Budgeting (PB) are powerful tools that contribute to the sustainability and utility of defense forces. CBP prioritizes and allocates resources based on desired capabilities to achieve strategic objectives, ensuring adaptability and responsiveness to potential threats. PB allocates resources based on specific programs, focusing on results and aligning funding with outputs and outcomes. This article explores how the simultaneous application of CBP and PB can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of defense resource management. CBP enables the development of a comprehensive force structure plan, while PB facilitates informed resource allocation and optimization over a medium-term period. The alignment between required capabilities, produced outputs, and desired outcomes outlined by national defense objectives is crucial. By adopting these approaches, defense organizations can strategically allocate resources, prioritize high-priority programs, and produce desired military capabilities. This results in improved transparency, accountability, and performance measurement, ultimately enhancing the sustainability and utility of defense forces. The adoption of CBP and PB fosters a more effective and efficient defense resource management process, enabling defense forces to effectively respond to evolving security challenges. | |
| Key words: | |
Capability-Based Planning (CBP), Program Budgeting (PB), sustainability, utility, Defense Forces. |
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EMERGING AND DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGY
TRENDS IN DEFENSE AND SECURITY
Daniel DOICARIU "Carol I" National Defence University, Bucharest Romania |
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| Abstract | |
| In order to be able to identify technological trends in the field of defense and security, different scenarios are carried out, analyzes over certain time horizons, in-depth analyzes of ongoing research, but also estimates that are based on the opinions of experts in the field. In this endeavor, I had as the objective of the scientific research to obtain an overview of the trends of emerging and disruptive technologies relevant in the fields of defense and security, considering the current regional context. The effort was focused on the assessment of emerging and disruptive technologies, based on research and analysis of recent available literature in the field. I have come up with clarifications on defining the emerging, disruptive technologies and their convergence, the trends in the context of hybrid warfare, as well as the most promising and relevant technologies that can be applied on a large scale and are going to influence the fields of defense and security. | |
| Key words: | |
emerging technologies, disruptive technologies; hybrid warfare; defense and security. |
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SHOULD A PRODUCTION RATE VARIABLE BE INCLUDED IN MILITARY AIRCRAFT LEARNING CURVES? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
Caleb J. AHERN, Jonathan D. RITSCHEL, Edward D. WHITE, Brandon M. LUCAS, Robert D. FASS, Shawn M. VALENTINE Department of Systems Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology, Dayton Ohio, United States of America |
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| Abstract | |
| Learning curves are a core analytical method employed by cost analysts to estimate weapon system production costs. This study examines United States Air Force aircraft programs and compares the traditional (e.g., Unit Theory) learning curve model to a production rate learning curve model. While there are some previous studies examining production rate models, one novelty of this research is the size of the dataset, which comprises the largest military examination to date. The results suggest the production rate model outperforms the traditional learning curve model. Additionally, the analysis identifies the post-Initial Operational Capability (IOC) time period as the preferred milestone in the life-cycle to employ the production rate model. | |
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learning curve, production rate, cost estimating, cost modeling, resource allocation, defense budgets. |
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THE EFFECTIVE APPLICATION OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION IN THE FIELD OF NATIONAL SECURITY
Rashadat ORUJOV*Vugar MAMMADZADA MAHAMMADALI** *LTC, Adjunct of National Defense University, Azerbaijan **Doctor of Philosophy in Political Sciences, Associate Professor National Defense University of the Republic of Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract | |
| The research is dedicated to “Strategic Communication” and its elements. Either core element of strategic communication is enlightened through study of literatures. As a showcase the Second Karabakh War between Azerbaijan and Armenia is reviewed and studied. The outcomes achieved in the conclusion of the research proves the essence and importance of strategic communication in victory. | |
| Key words: | |
strategic communication, information operations, psychological operations, public affairs, national security. |
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STRATCOM vs PROPAGANDA AND THE IMPORTANCE OF KPIs FOR EFFECTIVE STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION
Brindusa Maria POPA Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania |
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| Abstract | |
| Words are one of the simplest and most readily available instruments for influencing and educating the masses. Good communication always maximizes the likelihood of effectively attaining organizational objectives by creating understanding and support of the relevant audiences. However, communication effectiveness cannot be achieved unless clear objectives and appropriate KPIs are established. In this paper we shall try to discuss similarities and differences between propaganda and StratCom, as well as the importance of using the appropriate key performance indicators (KPIs) for a successful communication process. | |
| Key words: | |
StratCom, propaganda, communication, objective, audience, effectiveness, key performance indicators. |
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BALANCING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND RESILIENCE: A POLICY PARADOX
Maria CONSTANTINESCUVlad DUMITRACHE Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania |
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| Abstract | |
| The aim of this paper is to explore the intricate relationship between sustainable economic development and economic resilience. It highlights how measures to stimulate economic growth, such as investments in physical and human capital, innovation, entrepreneurship, and sound fiscal policies, can also bolster resilience, while recognizing the potential conflicts between short-term growth and long-term resilience goals, especially in the context of increasing debt. The paper also proposes several mitigation strategies offering a roadmap for governments to strike a balance between fostering economic expansion and ensuring readiness to face unforeseen challenges, with the flexibility to adapt to unique economic contexts. | |
| Key words: | |
resilience, economic, growth, mitigation, strategies, holistic approach. |
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DESIGNING MILITARY ENGINEERING TRAINING BASED ON THE MODEL OF DIDACTIC JUSTIFICATION
Amil DADASHOV PhD student in the Doctor of Philosophy program Educational Institute of the Republic of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev Military Institute of the National Defense University, Baku, Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract | |
| In today’s dynamic and complex military landscape, the effectiveness of military engineering training plays a crucial role in preparing personnel for various operational scenarios. However, the lack of a structured and validated model for designing and justifying the didactic aspects of such training hinders its efficiency and outcomes. This article seeks to bridge this gap by providing a systematic approach to designing military engineering training programs. The aim of the article is to identify the main components required to develop a comprehensive Model of Didactic Justification for the Design of Military Engineering Training, addressing the challenge of optimizing the instructional framework in military engineering education. The model of didactic justification of the design of military engineering training is a conceptual framework that aims to provide a structured approach to designing and implementing effective training programs for military engineers. The model takes into account various factors that influence the design of military engineering training, including the specific needs of the military organization, the objectives of the training, and the characteristics of the learners. The model is based on a set of principles and guidelines that have been developed through research and practical experience in the field of military engineering training. These principles include the need for a clear understanding of the objectives of the training, the importance of selecting appropriate teaching methods and materials, and the need for ongoing evaluation and feedback to ensure that the training is meeting its intended objectives. The model will enhance the training’s efficiency, effectiveness, and adaptability by incorporating pedagogical principles, military engineering expertise, and instructional technology advancements. Ultimately, the article aims to contribute to the improvement of military engineering training, resulting in better-prepared personnel and more successful military operations. Research Problem Statement: The research aims to develop a comprehensive Model of Didactic Justification for the Design of Military Engineering Training, addressing the challenge of optimizing the instructional framework in military engineering education. Research Relevance: In today’s dynamic and complex military landscape, the effectiveness of military engineering training plays a crucial role in preparing personnel for various operational scenarios. However, the lack of a structured and validated model for designing and justifying the didactic aspects of such training hinders its efficiency and outcomes. This research seeks to bridge this gap by providing a systematic approach to designing military engineering training programs. Research Purpose: The purpose of this research is to create a Model of Didactic Justification that offers a systematic framework for the design and evaluation of military engineering training. This model will enhance the training’s efficiency, effectiveness, and adaptability by incorporating pedagogical principles, military engineering expertise, and instructional technology advancements. Ultimately, the research aims to contribute to the improvement of military engineering training, resulting in better-prepared personnel and more successful military operations. In order to apply the model, designers of military engineering training must first conduct a needs assessment to determine the specific needs of the military organization and the learners. | |
| Key words: | |
military, engineering training, objectives, learners, principles, guidelines, research. |
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DETECTION OF EXTERNAL INTERVENTIONS IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Namazov Asim TAHIR Baku Higher Oil School, Azerbaijan, Baku |
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| Abstract | |
| The importance of ensuring the security of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is just as crucial as accelerating the implementation process of IoT. Like other devices, IoT devices can be vulnerable to various types of attacks over the internet. To identify these attacks, attention should be paid to the system itself and the activity sequence of certain resources. This article discusses various types of security solutions for IoT devices. Additionally, a new solution is proposed to identify the potential impact of IoT devices. The experiments conducted using a Mikrotik router as a gateway have shown that it is possible to detect cyber attacks by monitoring the device's internal resources for various activities. Login attempts using different usernames recorded in the router's logs and the processor's jump activity were monitored to identify metrics indicating potential attacks based on increased sequential jumps. An algorithm was developed using these metrics, and a program was written in Python to detect cyber attack threats against the device. | |
| Key words: | |
IoT, gateway, attack, security. |
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ASSESSMENT OF WEAPON SELECTION FOR ACHIEVING GUARANTEED VICTORY IN TACTICAL ACTION
Rahila SADIGOVA*Adalat PASHAYEV*/**Elkhan SABZIEV*/** * Institute of Control Systems, Baku, Azerbaijan** National Defense University, Baku, Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract | |
| The paper deals with the problem of securing a guaranteed victory for our side in the course of military operations, when the dynamic power of the enemy is known. The problem of the set of weapons for a guaranteed victory is solved. A method is given for calculating the set of weapons and equipment that guarantees victory without regard to information on the set of weapons and equipment of the opposing side for any set. The method of composing and solving matrix games in game theory is used. The problem is modeled as a matrix game with mixed strategies, and the existence of its solution (saddle point) is shown in this setting. To obtain a numerical solution of the problem, the matrix game is reduced to the linear programming problem. | |
| Key words: | |
weapon category, weapon impact index, ability to destroy the weapon, static power, dynamic power, mixed strategy, cost function. |
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TARGETING A ROCKET AT A MOVING OBJECT USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICALS (UAVs)
Elshan HASHIMOV*Elkhan SABZIYEV**Bahruz HUSEYNOV*** *National Defense University, Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Azerbaijan**National Defense University, İnstitute of Control Systems, Baku, Azerbaijan ***Military Scientific Research İnstitute, Baku, Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract | |
| This article discusses the evolving nature of modern warfare, emphasizing the shift towards, autonomous weapons and artificial intelligence-driven military operations. İt underscores the importance of high-tech combat vehicles, the need for constant improvements in military capabilities, and the role of well-trained units in achieving victory such as the Second Karabakh War and the Russian-Ukraine War. The article particularly focuses on the secure transportation of military personnel in warzones and the challenges associated with it. It highlights the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for constant observation, reconnaissance, and directing artillery missiles to enhance the safety of personnel during transport. The main research objective is to solve mathematically the problem of directing unguided rockets to destroy enemy vehicles in motion. The article presents a mathematical model for this purpose, taking into account various factors such as coordinates, speed, and trajectory of enemy vehicles. It also discusses the practical applications of this model in military scenarios. İn conclusion, the article emphasizes the significance of technologies advancements, especially in the use of UAVs and guided artillery projectiles, in modern warfare. İt offers a mathematical approach to targeting moving enemy vehicles, contributing to the development of military tactics and strategies. | |
| Key words: | |
Unmanned aerial vehicles, armored vehicles, movement trajectory, artillery shell, combat weapons. |
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OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF A GROUP OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVs) OF THE SAME TYPE TO DIFFERENT TARGETS
Arzuman Gardashkhan oglu GASANOV Yashar Shukur oglu KARİMOV Military Scientific Research Institute of the National Defense University, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract | |
| In the article, a mathematical modeling method is applied to solving the combat activities of cumulative, thermobaric and fragmentation missiles used by a group of unmanned aerial vehicles against tanks (armored combat vehicles), air defense equipment, infantry group, and long-term firing point targets under favorable and unfavorable conditions. The results show the possible to determine the minimum and maximum number of destroyed targets. These results can be used in the optimal management of the combat activities of a group of unmanned aerial vehicles of the same type. | |
| Key words: | |
group of unmanned aerial vehicles of the same type, different targets, mathematical modeling, optimal management. |
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THE ROLE OF GENDER-BASED ANALYSIS IN ENHANCING SOCIETAL SECURITY.
A CASE STUDY OF ROMANIA’S APPROACH TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ITS IMPACT ON A SELECT NUMBER OF GENDER CATEGORIES
Aura CODREANU Cristina ANTONOAIE Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania |
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| Societal security has become nowadays an important pair of lenses for discussing identity in a multilayered fashion within the context of an enlarged security concept. The complexity deriving from that engenders the necessity to identify and use new tools for reliably defining communities and their specific identities in order to better understand how state-wise strategies and policies can raise security risks when disregarding those communities’ needs and interests. In this respect, the goal of this article is to demonstrate the benefits of employing a gender based perspective in defining societal security. Hence, it focuses on the possible correlations that can be conceptually identified between societal security and gender perspective. Then, the article exemplifies how a gender based analysis can contribute to better societal security approaches by discussing Romania’s strategic approach to the Covid-19 pandemics and the possible observations deriving from that. | |
| Key words: | |
gender analysis, societal security, identity, risks, threats, vulnerabilities. |
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| Open Access Journal |  |
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ISSN: 2068-9403
eISSN: 2247-6466
ISSN-L: 2247-6466
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©2011 Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies
This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA